If you do not yet have
- a course blog -
it is not too late.
See me to get
things going.
1. "TRIZ":
a way to get ideas
about
future technologies
. . . But why call it TRIZ?
. . . . . . because "TRIZ"
stands for:
Теория
решения
изобретательских
задач
. . . . . . . . . (of course -
what else
could it
stand for?)
. . . . . . transliteration:
Teoriya
Resheniya
Izobretatelskikh
Zadatch
. . . . . . translation:
Theory of
Decisions about
Inventor's
Problems
. . . TRIZ
tries to make
getting new ideas
about technology
a systematic process
. . . TRIZ was created by
Genrich Altshuller
(Source: marketada.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/altshuller.bmp)
. . . . . . He registered
his first invention
at age 15. . . . . . At 20 he invented
a way to escape
from submarines
. . . . . . . . . (This did not help
the crew of
the Kursk)
. . . . . . . . . . . . length:
154 meters
How long is that?
. . . . . . . . . . . . (just under 1/10 mile)
. . . . . . . . . . . . height:
four stories
(not sure of the
conversion factor
for stories into feet)
but...
at least this building
wins out that way
. . . . . . . . . . . . was the world's
biggest attack submarine
. . . . . . . . . . . in 2000 a fuel explosion
sank the submarine.
Hitting the sea bottom
caused torpedoes
to explode.
Some crew
survived both explosions
but perished later
without escaping.
K-141 Kursk
(Source: englishrussia.com/images/kursk_submarine/1.jpg)
A (much smaller) sub
is docked across the
river and open for
public visits
. . . . . . Altshuller worked as
an invention inspector
for the Soviet navy
2. TRIZ is a compendium
of several related
methods and approaches
. . . see e.g.
http://www.amsup.com/images/triz/triz.gif:
. . . also see
http://www.mazur.net/triz/contradi.htm
(e.g. http://www.mazur.net/triz/contra02.gif):
3. Let's look at TRIZ
- and also apply to
your topics
. . . One aspect:
the natural evolution
from doing one key task
and "branching out"
. . . . . . first pencils wrote
then they "branched out":
now they erase,
store,
don't need sharpening,
clip on, etc.
. . . . . . From keyboards
to foldup keyboards,
ergonomic keyboards,
what other kinds?
. . . . . . How have
cell phones
branched out?
. . . . . . This also explains
"bloatware"
. . . . . . Can you think of
something that
has not
branched out much?
4. Also from TRIZ:
usability,
aesthetics
become factors later
. . . Early cars:
"you can get any color car
you want as long as it's black"
Example, anyone?
5. TRIZ also has
a set of 40
Principles of Invention
. . . the 40 Principles of Invention
. . . (see e.g.
http://www.triz40.com/aff_Principles.htm)
We can think about these
with respect to the
evolution of any technology
For example:
consider some relatively recent
inventions that have room to grow
E-readers
CFLs
Transgenic "enviropigs"
Robots
6. . . . . . "Segmentation":
break something unitary
into parts, modules, pieces, etc.
. . . . . . . . . E.g. replace large truck
with a
tractor+trailer design
(is that good?)
7. . . . . . "Taking out":
remove a part
. . . . . . . . . E.g. put a
noisy air compressor
outside the building
where the air is used
. . . . . . . . . E.g. Use the
bark but not the dog
as part of a burglar alarm
8. . . . . . "Local Quality":
make something that is
uniform, nonuniform
. . . . . . . . . E.g. refrigerator with
freezer,
moist cold bin for veggies,
dry cold bin for meat, etc.
9. . . . . . "Assymetry":
make something that is symmetric, assymetric
. . . . . . . . . E.g. make a round rod have a flat part so a knob can turn it without slipping
10. . . . . . "Merging":
assemble similar objects into a larger assembly
. . . . . . . . . E.g. make a network of PCs
. . . . . . . . . E.g. 3 wheels more stable than 2 more stable than 1
. . . . . . . . . You can get emergent properties!
11. . . . . . "Universality":
make one thing do more than one thing
. . . . . . . . . E.g. pencil can erase, store, attach as well as write
12. . . . . . "Nested Doll":
(like those Russian dolls)
. . . . . . . . . E.g. set of measuring spoons
13. . . . . . "Anti-weight":
counter heaviness with flotation
. . . . . . . . . E.g. non-sinking boats; balloons; airplane wings and boat hydrofoils
14. . . . . . "Preliminary anti-action":
counter bad effects of good things somehow
. . . . . . . . . E.g. lead aprons at the dentist
. . . . . . . . . E.g. slow-release medications
15. . . . . . "Preliminary action":
do something to an object before it is needed
. . . . . . . . . E.g. put glue on paper before selling it - stickers! Tape!
. . . . . . . . . E.g. sterilize surgical instruments for next time - autoclaves, etc.
16. . . . . . "Beforehand cushioning":
have backup systems incorporated in case of failure
. . . . . . . . . E.g. emergency parachutes, fire escapes, parking brakes
17. . . . . . "Equipotentiality":
compensate for gravity
. . . . . . . . . E.g. spring-loaded cafeteria dish dispenser
18. . . . . . "The other way round":
reverse the action; go upside down; make something fixed, movable (or the reverse)
. . . . . . . . . E.g. rotate part instead of tool; treadmills; escalators
19. . . . . . "Spheroidality":
change from flat or angular surfaces to curved
. . . . . . . . . E.g. domes and arches; ball-point pens instead of quills
20. . . . . . "Dynamics":
make it movable or flexible
. . . . . . . . . E.g. adjustable car seats; medical scopes in flexible tubes
21. . . . . . "Partial or excessive actions":
Do a little too much or too little, then fix
. . . . . . . . . E.g. put a bit too much on your plate, then leave a little; almost fill your tank, then top off
22. . . . . . "Another dimension":
use the 3rd dimension or 4th, etc.
. . . . . . . . . E.g. 3D TV; add wings to car; 2-sided screen; double toothbrush; dump truck
23. . . . . . "Mechanical vibration":
cause oscillation/vibration
. . . . . . . . . E.g. electric hedge trimmer/carving knife; gall stone destruction; ultrasonic neurostimulation
24. . . . . . "Periodic action":
keep repeating
. . . . . . . . E.g. hitting nail with hammer; warbling siren
25. . . . . . "Continuity of useful action":
eliminate breaks
. . . . . . . . . E.g. night light; auto time sharing
26. . . . . . "Skipping":
do it so fast that harm is averted
. . . . . . . . . E.g. flash freezing; heated ice cream scoop
27. . . . . . "Turn Lemons into Lemonade":
use bad effect for a good purpose
. . . . . . . . . E.g. make/save money by recycling (reuse blank side; sell cans)
28. . . . . . "Feedback": improve performance by examining the effects
. . . . . . . . . E.g. hard to spend money in late spring here; cruise control
29. . . . . . "Intermediary": link/separate 2 things with a go-between
. . . . . . . . . E.g. potholder; nailset; shuttle diplomacy
30. . . . . . "Self-service": something serves itself
. . . . . . . . . E.g. fertilize with grass clippings; pot liquor to improve flavor
31. . . . . . "Copying": save with inexpensive copies
. . . . . . . . . E.g. VR instead of reality; photos; music on CD instead of live, etc.
32. . . . . . "Cheap short-lived objects": throw it away afterwards
. . . . . . . . . E.g. paper plates; disposable diapers; anyone remember returnable bottles?
33. . . . . . "Mechanics substitution": get rid of moving parts or other objects
. . . . . . . . . E.g. CD instead of vinyl record; acoustic pet fence
34. . . . . . "Pneumatics and hydraulics": use gas and liquid instead of solid parts
. . . . . . . . . E.g. gel-filled footwear soles; propane instead of logs
35. . . . . . "Flexible shells and thin films": get rid of heavy, solid things
. . . . . . . . . E.g. paper instead of slates; balloons
36. . . . . . "Porous materials": make nonporous things, porous
. . . . . . . . . E.g. save weight by making it fluffier
37. . . . . . "Color changes": change color or transparency of object or environment
. . . . . . . . . E.g. use red light to see nocturnal critters in a zoo
. . . . . . . . . E.g. use differently colored markers for writing
38. . . . . . "Homogeneity": make interacting objects of the same material
. . . . . . . . . E.g. cut diamonds with diamond dust
. . . . . . . . . E.g. make artificial organs out of person's own cells
39. . . . . . "Discarding and recovering": it disappears or changes itself
. . . . . . . . . E.g. biodegradable plastic bags; mechanical pencils
40. . . . . . "Parameter changes": change properties of a substance
. . . . . . . . . E.g. heat food to cook/kill germs
41. . . . . . "Phase transitions":
. . . . . . . . . E.g. freeze liquid center, then dip in warm chocolate
. . . . . . . . . E.g. air conditioning works by vaporizing/condensing a liquid
42. . . . . . "Thermal expansion": things expand/contract with temperature
. . . . . . . . . E.g. make thermostats that bend and curve as temperature changes
. . . . . . . . . . . . We could do this in this class fairly easily!
43. . . . . . "Strong oxidants": use oxygen-enrichment
. . . . . . . . . E.g. medical use; match heads and rocket fuel
44. . . . . . "Inert atmosphere": use chemically inactive stuff
. . . . . . . . . E.g. store priceless artifacts in argon or nitrogen
. . . . . . . . . E.g. add filler when making pills so you can pick them up
45. . . . . . "Composite materials": use multiple materials in a substance
. . . . . . . . . E.g. fiberglass; reinforced concrete
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